Which cyber security controls should be considered before changes are implemented?

The correct answer emphasizes the controls outlined in CIP-005 and CIP-007, which are particularly relevant in the context of managing changes within critical infrastructure. CIP-005 addresses security controls for electronic perimeters, including access controls and monitoring, which are vital for ensuring that any changes made do not compromise the security of the operational environment. Similarly, CIP-007 focuses on system security management, including vulnerability assessments and security patches that are essential when changes are introduced.

Considering these specific standards is crucial because they provide a framework for maintaining the integrity and security of systems through controlled processes, ensuring that any modifications do not expose vulnerabilities that could be exploited.

Additionally, while CIP-001 and CIP-002 deal with incident reporting and identification, and CIP-003 and CIP-004 focus on security management and personnel security programs, they do not address the direct controls necessary when implementing changes. Internal policies are important but should ideally align with the robust framework established by the NERC CIP standards to ensure comprehensive cyber security management when changes are proposed.